Classical Approaches to Reduce Multiple Scattering Nevertheless, we do want to take advantage of the feasibility to reduce the light path in a practical way in the current instrumentation setup.ġ.2. It should be noted that, in principle, multiple scattering can be modeled theoretically, but due to its nature, being related to the many-body problem, the treatment of higher-order scattering (e.g., beyond triple scattering) becomes formidably complicated. For example, in order to understand the reaction mechanisms associated with aggregation processes, it is desirable to consider other alternatives. While conventional schemes, including reduction of light path, usage of very thin light scattering sample cells, and/or closer matching of the refractive index of solvent with that of the macromolecular solute, have been used, there are many instances that seek single scattering information in the presence of multiple scattering where conventional schemes are insufficient. However, the practical application of conventional LLS is limited to dilute solutions, in the absence of multiple scattering. Laser light scattering (LLS) is a powerful tool to investigate sizes, size distributions, and dynamic properties of macromolecules in solution or colloidal particles in suspension. The description also includes a brief summary of the rationale on choosing the specific designs for the instrumentation, as there are different pathways available. In this article, we describe the design, construction, and initial tests of an instrument using a combination of laser and synchrotron X-rays to investigate the structure and dynamics of macromolecular solutions or colloidal suspensions over a broad range of time and length scales. While many physical techniques have been used to elucidate (bio-) macromolecular aggregates and their corresponding complexes, more probes that can provide fundamental information in the structure and dynamics of such systems should be useful.
Investigations on the changes in sizes, size distributions, and structures of bio-macromolecular aggregates in solution, such as the formation of Aβ peptides and complexes based on their interactions with inhibitors (or C-terminal fragments (CTFs) of Aβ42), are challenging issues.
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